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Qadar Explained: Is Everything Predestined or Do We Have Free Will? (Qur’an + Science)
What is Qadar?
Allah says in the Qur'an:
Surah Al-Qamar, Ayah 49 (54:49)
اِنَّا كُلَّ شَىۡءٍ خَلَقۡنٰهُ بِقَدَرٍ
"Indeed, all things We created with predestination (Qadar)."
If we read this verse carefully, we find that the word Qadar, translated here as predestination, carries a depth of meaning. It can refer to destiny, preordainment, measure, balance, proportion, decree, and design.
At first glance, having so many meanings attached to a single word may seem confusing. Yet when we reflect upon them, they all point toward a single reality: Allah has created everything according to a fixed and precise order. Whether we call it destiny, measure, balance, or design, each meaning describes an aspect of the same reality established by Allah.
If we look at the world through the lens of science, we know that despite having advanced tools and mathematical formulas, we can never measure anything with absolute precision. At microscopic levels, there is always some degree of variation. This is why the concept of Qadar can be understood as representing Allah's Divine Measure—a perfect plan known completely to Him.
Why is this so?
Because for Allah, everything is absolute. Nothing surprises Him, and nothing escapes His knowledge. A thing can only move or change to the extent that Allah has allowed it to. This is why the Qur'an uses the word Qadar. Everything in the universe is in a state of continuous motion and change, yet that motion takes place within boundaries established by Allah.
Within those boundaries, creation possesses movement and choice. Sometimes that movement takes a unique direction that reflects free will. However, when a thing repeatedly moves beyond the limits set for it, destruction begins to appear.
A question then arises:
Does that destruction also fall under predestination?
To understand this question, let us reflect on examples from the Qur’an and science.
Example No. 1
The Qur'an mentions the story of Prophet Salih (A.S.). His people demanded a she-camel as a sign from Allah and declared that they would believe if such a sign appeared. Allah granted them the she-camel, but He also placed their test within it. Instead of respecting the sign, they killed the she-camel.
So the question is:
Did Allah write in their destiny that they would commit this act?
And even if someone were to claim that this happened solely because Allah willed it, then another question arises:
Why did Allah provide them with a path to repentance?
Why were they given three days to correct themselves?
Example No. 2
Imagine that you purchase a car with a maximum speed of 200.
Most of the time, you drive it at 100. You enjoy the ride and continue using it responsibly.
One day, however, you become interested in racing. You drive faster, enjoy the thrill, and win a race. Encouraged by the experience, you begin driving aggressively every day.
Gradually, the tires start wearing out. The engine begins showing signs of damage. Small problems emerge one after another. These issues serve as indications and warnings.
Yet you refuse to stop.
Eventually, the car becomes completely damaged and goes beyond repair.
In such a situation, can you blame the company for giving the car a speed range of 200?
And if that speed range existed, under what conditions was it meant to be used?
This example helps us understand why the concept of Qadar is so important.
Allah wants you to move, grow, act, and make choices. But He has also established limits within creation. Every action carries consequences built into the design of the universe. When a person remains within those limits, harmony is maintained. When a person repeatedly ignores the signs and goes beyond those limits, the consequences of those choices begin to appear.
Yet Allah, in His mercy, does not immediately abandon His servants. He gives signs, warnings, opportunities for reflection, and chances for repentance. The purpose of these signs is to help a person recognize where they are heading before greater consequences arrive.
In this way, Qadar is not just about destiny. It also points toward measure, balance, design, proportion, and the limits through which Allah governs His creation.
Why?
Because Allah is Al-Latif (ٱلْلَّطِيف)—“The Most Subtle, The Most Kind.”
It means He knows every tiny detail of your life, even the ones you can’t see… like things under a microscope level, hidden deep in places human eyes can never reach.
That’s the real depth behind the word Qadar.
If you want to understand the wisdom of Al-Adl and how it works
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The True Meaning of Acceptance in Islam: Islamic Spirituality and Quranic Psychology
The True Meaning of Acceptance
The word "acceptance" is often used in many different ways. People frequently say that acceptance is the key to making things better and that it is a state of surrender. But what does acceptance truly mean in Islam?
Let us decode it step by step.
Every Human Is Created Upon the Fitrah of Allah
The Quran tells us that every human being is created upon the fitrah (natural disposition) established by Allah. Every person is born with an innate inclination toward purity and truth.
Allah says:
Surah Ar-Rum (30:30)
فَأَقِمْ وَجْهَكَ لِلدِّينِ حَنِيفًا ۚ فِطْرَتَ اللَّهِ الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْهَا
"So direct your face toward the religion, inclining to truth. The fitrah of Allah upon which He created mankind."
Every person is born with an innate inclination toward purity and truth.
Allah Is Light
Allah says:
Surah An-Nur (24:35)
اللَّهُ نُورُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ
"Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth."
This means that a person is originally created with a natural potential for purity, goodness, and guidance.
However, alongside this purity exists Shaytan, who constantly attempts to corrupt and distance human beings from their original nature.
A person is born into circumstances that they do not choose and cannot control. These circumstances greatly influence how their personality develops. As they grow older, they often begin to identify completely with the habits and behaviors that emerged from those circumstances.
Eventually, many people start believing, "This is just who I am."
Their flaws and weaknesses begin to feel like an inseparable part of their identity.
One reason for this is that these unhealthy habits often provide moments of relief, comfort, attention, or emotional satisfaction.
For example, imagine a child who grows up as an orphan.
Throughout life, they face challenges that another person may never experience. Much of their life may be spent in survival mode. Even when they become adults, can their life experience truly be compared to someone who never faced such hardships?
Of course not.
Their habits, fears, and coping mechanisms will likely be very different.
Perhaps they constantly seek approval and praise because they were deprived of love and attention. Perhaps they resort to stealing because poverty and hardship pushed them toward desperate solutions.
In both cases, they are trying to obtain their share of happiness and security.
Over time, these behaviors become so familiar that they start feeling like their true nature.
Then guidance comes.
Allah opens their heart, improves their circumstances, and shows them a better path.
Now suppose that person continues stealing and says:
"This is simply my nature."
Would that be acceptable?
Of course not.
Before Islam came, many people had developed habits that Islam later declared forbidden, such as drinking alcohol.
When Islam prohibited alcohol, those people did not instantly lose all desire for it. The cravings remained.
What were they expected to do?
They were expected to struggle against those cravings.
Allah understands human weakness. That is precisely why He opened the door of repentance.
But repentance requires patience.
A person should continue resisting their sinful habits and strive to change them rather than accepting them as permanent parts of their identity.
They should not make excuses for their wrongdoing.
Instead, they should acknowledge their faults and take responsibility for them.
Prophet Adam (A.S.) and Accepting Responsibility
This is what Prophet Adam A.S did when he admitted his mistake and sought forgiveness from Allah.
Allah records the supplication of Adam and Hawwa:
Surah Al-A'raf (7:23)
قَالَا رَبَّنَا ظَلَمْنَا أَنْفُسَنَا وَإِنْ لَمْ تَغْفِرْ لَنَا وَتَرْحَمْنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ
"They said, 'Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and have mercy upon us, we will surely be among the losers.'"
Likewise, Prophet Yunus (peace be upon him) acknowledged his error and turned back to Allah in repentance.
Prophet Yunus (A.S.) and Owning One's Mistake
لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ سُبْحَانَكَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ
"There is no deity except You; glory be to You. Indeed, I was among the wrongdoers."
Acceptance is a process of self-reflection that helps a person recognize their flaws, take responsibility, and begin self-reformation. No justification can make a mistake right in the sight of Allah.
Someone may ask:
"But those were prophets. Their mistakes were not the result of long-standing sinful habits. Their errors occurred in moments of human weakness."
That is true.
However, an ordinary person often carries the weight of a difficult past and deeply ingrained habits.
Such a person may consciously struggle against their desires for years.
They fight their nafs.
They resist.
Then a weak moment arrives, and they fall.
At that point, intention becomes extremely important.
Did they genuinely try to resist?
Or have they secretly accepted sin as part of their lifestyle?
Have they created a cycle where they temporarily abstain only to return to the same behavior with no sincere intention of changing?
This is why the door of repentance remains open.
Each time a person repents, they should sincerely intend never to return to the sin.
They should ask Allah for help.
They should acknowledge their weakness.
They should continue striving against their nafs.
They should keep their intentions pure.
They should maintain hope and a positive mindset.
And they should leave the final outcome to Allah.
Never Despair of Allah's Mercy
The door of repentance remains open because Allah's mercy is greater than our sins.
Allah says:
Surah Az-Zumar (39:53)
قُلۡ يٰعِبَادِىَ الَّذِيۡنَ اَسۡرَفُوۡا عَلٰٓى اَنۡفُسِهِمۡ لَا تَقۡنَطُوۡا مِنۡ رَّحۡمَةِ اللّٰهِؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَغۡفِرُ الذُّنُوۡبَ جَمِيۡعًاؕ اِنَّهٗ هُوَ الۡغَفُوۡرُ الرَّحِيۡمُ
"Say, O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Indeed, Allah forgives all sins."
This, perhaps, is the true meaning of acceptance in Islam.
Acceptance does not mean accepting your sins as your identity.
Acceptance means accepting responsibility for your weaknesses while refusing to surrender to them.
It means accepting that you have flaws, accepting that you need Allah's help, accepting that change takes time, and accepting that guidance ultimately comes from Allah.
Allah Sees the Effort, Not Just the Result
The Quran teaches that human beings will be judged according to their efforts and striving.
Allah says:
Surah An-Najm (53:39)
وَأَنْ لَيْسَ لِلْإِنْسَانِ إِلَّا مَا سَعَىٰ
"And that there is not for man except that for which he strives."
Therefore, a believer must reject every thought, temptation, and whisper that pulls them toward sin.
They continue striving, repenting, and returning to Allah, trusting that every sincere effort is seen by Him.
The true Islamic meaning of acceptance is not surrendering to the lower self.
It is accepting the truth about oneself, turning to Allah for help, and continuing the struggle for purification while leaving the results in His hands.
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Assalamu Alaikum, I’m Hammad Hussain, the founder of Raast Official. This platform is a blend of my original poetry and deep Quranic reflections. My goal is simple: to explore human emotions and spiritual wisdom through the beauty of words. I invite you to reflect, connect, and find clarity with me on this journey.








